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Country name: conventional long - Federative Republic of Brazil, conventional short - Brazil, local long - Republica Federativa do Brasil, local short - Brasil
Capital: Brasilia
Size: 8,511,965 sq km (slightly smaller than the US), land: 8,456,510 sq km, water: 55,455 sq km
Land boundaries: total: 14,691 km, border countries: Argentina 1,224 km, Bolivia 3,400 km, Colombia 1,643 km, French Guiana 673 km, Guyana 1,119 km, Paraguay 1,290 km, Peru 1,560 km, Suriname 597 km, Uruguay 985 km, Venezuela 2,200 km Coastline: 7,491 km
Climate: mostly tropical, but the south has large seasonal changes. The Brazilian winter is from June to August, with the coldest southern states receiving winter temperatures between 13°C and 18°C (55°F and 64°F). In summer (December to February), Rio is hot and humid, with temperatures in the high 30°sC (80°sF); the rest of the year, temperatures hover around 25°C (77°F). The northeast coast gets as hot as Rio in the summer but tropical breezes make it less humid. The Amazon Basin is the rainiest part of Brazil, temperatures average 27°C (80°F).
Terrain: mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north; some plains, hills, mountains, and a narrow coastal belt.
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean at 0 m highest point: Pico da Neblina at 3,014 mPopulation: 185,000,000 Nationality: Brazilian(s)
Languages: The official language is Portuguese but some Spanish, English and French is also spoken in places.
Ethnic groups: white 53.7%, mulatto (mixed white and black) 38.5%, black 6.2%, other (includes Japanese, Arab, Amerindian) 1.6%
Religions: Roman Catholic (nominal) 73.6%, Protestant 15.4%, none 7.4%, other 3.6%
Government type: federative republic
Country divisions: 26 states and 1 federal district; Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Distrito Federal, Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para, Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe, and Tocantins
National holiday: Independence Day, 7 September
Natural resources: bauxite, gold, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, platinum, tin, uranium, petroleum, hydropower, and timber
Currency: Real(R$), plural reais. The current exchange rate is around US$1=R$2.50
Electricity: 110/220V 60HzHz
Country Dialing Code: 55
Flag: green with a large yellow diamond in the center bearing a blue celestial globe with 27 white five-pointed stars (one for each state and the Federal District) arranged in the same pattern as the night sky over Brazil; the globe has a white equatorial band with the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order and Progress)
